The Importance of Medical and Health Care in the Management and Prevention of Genital Warts

Genital warts are one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases worldwide, caused by low-risk strains of the human papillomavirus (HPV), especially types 6 and 11. Not only is the disease physically painful and bothersome for the individual, but it can also have profound psychological effects such as anxiety, embarrassment, decreased self-confidence, and disruption of sexual and social relationships. Although genital warts rarely lead to serious complications, failure to follow appropriate medical and health care can lead to the spread of infection, frequent recurrence of lesions, transmission of the virus to sexual partners, and even an increased risk of contracting other high-risk HPV strains. This article comprehensively reviews the importance of medical and health care in the diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and control of genital warts.

1. The Importance of Early Diagnosis and Referral to a Specialist

The first and most important step in managing genital warts is early diagnosis. Many people avoid seeking medical attention due to shame or ignorance, or resort to home remedies or over-the-counter medications instead. This not only delays treatment, but may also worsen the infection, spread the lesions, or cause complications such as secondary inflammation or infected wounds.

Urologists (for men) and gynecologists or dermatologists (for women) are the best people to diagnose and treat genital warts. They can determine the type and extent of the infection and design an appropriate treatment plan through a clinical examination, colposcopy (in women), or HPV testing.

2. Personal hygiene: a shield against the spread of infection

Hygiene plays a key role in preventing the spread of genital warts and reducing the risk of recurrence:
a) Regular and gentle washing

Use mild, unscented detergents for the genital area.
Avoid frequent washing with strong soaps or strong disinfectants, as these can irritate the skin and worsen inflammation.
After showering, dry the genital area with a clean, soft towel.

B) Avoid scratching or touching the lesions

Scratching or manipulating warts can spread the virus to other parts of the body (autoinoculation) or cause wounds and secondary infections.

If contact is necessary (for example, to apply medication), be sure to use gloves and wash your hands immediately.

C) Use appropriate underwear

Choose cotton and loose underwear to provide adequate ventilation.
Keeping the genital area moist (for example, after exercise or swimming) can provide a favorable environment for the virus and bacteria to grow.

3. Preventing transmission to others

Genital warts are highly contagious and can be a carrier of the virus even if there are no visible lesions. Therefore, it is essential to follow the following principles:

Avoid sexual intercourse until the treatment is completely completed and approved by a doctor.

If you continue to have sex, it is essential to use a condom; although a condom does not cover all exposed areas, it significantly reduces the risk of transmission.

Sexual partners should also be examined, even if they do not have symptoms.

Avoid sharing towels, underwear, or personal hygiene items.

4. Medical follow-up and prevention of recurrence

Genital warts tend to recur due to their viral nature. The HPV virus may remain in the layers of the skin even after the lesions are removed. Therefore:

Regular follow-up sessions (usually every 4 to 8 weeks after treatment) are essential to check for recurrence.
In cases of frequent recurrence, the doctor may prescribe combination treatments (such as laser + topical immunomodulatory drugs).
Strengthening the immune system through a healthy diet, adequate sleep, stress reduction, and regular exercise can help control the virus.

5. Vaccination: the most powerful preventive weapon

The HPV vaccine (such as Gardasil or Cervarix) is one of the most important medical advances in preventing HPV infections. This vaccine:

Protects against strains 6 and 11 (causes genital warts) and strains 16 and 18 (causes cervical, prostate, and other HPV-related cancers).
It is most effective before sexual activity begins, but can be beneficial even in sexually active people.
It is recommended for both sexes.

Compliance with the vaccination program, especially in adolescents, can significantly reduce the prevalence of genital warts and related cancers in the long term.

6. Education and awareness: the foundations of mass prevention

Cultivating sexual health, eliminating taboos, and increasing public awareness through school education, the media, and health centers play a vital role in reducing the prevalence of genital warts. Many people still do not know that:

Genital warts are a treatable disease.
Visiting a doctor is not a shame, but a sign of responsibility for one's own and others' health.

Prevention is possible through vaccination and safe behaviors.

Conclusion

Genital warts are not just a skin disease, but a public health issue that requires a comprehensive approach, including careful medical care, personal hygiene, sexual responsibility, regular follow-up, and comprehensive education. Successful treatment of this disease is not limited to the removal of lesions, but should aim to prevent transmission, reduce recurrence, and enhance the sexual health of the individual. By observing hygiene principles and working with a specialist, it is possible not only to control this disease, but also to prevent its long-term complications.

Article source: Sakhtemanpezeshkan.com